3b) Alkanes

• Single covalent bonds of hydrocarbon 
• General formula of CnH2n+2

Name	Displayed formula	Molecular formula
Methane		CH4
Ethane		C2H6
Propane		C3H8
Butane		C4H10
Pentane		C5H12

Isomers- different structures 

• Butane 
• Methylpropane 

Complete and Incomplete combustion:

Complete: Alkane and Oxygen -----> Carbon dioxide and water
                    CH4   and   2O2     ---->          CO2          and 2H2O

Incomplete: Carbon monoxide- C3H8 + 3.5O2 -----> 3CO + 4H2O
                     Carbon (soot)- C3H8 + 2O2 -----> 3C + 4H2O

Methane Substituion Reaction /w Halogen
CH4 + Br2 ---UV Light---> CH3Br + HBr